初中英语语法:句式和时态
句式
1.陈述句
肯定陈述句 a) This is a book. (be动词)
b) He looks very young. (连系动词)
c) I want a sweat like this. (实义动词)
d) I can bring some things to school. (情态动词)
e) There's a computer on my desk. (There be结构)
否定陈述句 a) These aren't their books.
b) They don't look nice.
c) Kate doesn't go to No. 4 Middle School.
d) Kate can't find her doll.
e) There isn't a cat here. (=There's no cat here.)
2. 祈使句
肯定祈使句 a) Please go and ask the man.
b) Let's learn English!
c) Come in, please.
否定祈使句a) Don't be late.
b) Don't hurry.
3. 疑问句
1) 一般疑问句 a) Is Jim a student?
b) Can I help you?
c) Does she like salad?
d) Do they watch TV?
e) Is she reading?
肯定回答: a) Yes, he is.
b) Yes, you can.
c) Yes, she does.
d) Yes, they do.
e) Yes, she is.
否定回答: a) No, he isn't.
b) No, you can't.
c) No, she doesn't.
d) No, they don't.
e) No, she isn't.
时态
1、一般现在时 表示普遍、经常性的或长期性的动作时使用一般现在时，它有：
Be 动词：She's a worker. Is she a worker? She isn't a worker.
情态动词：I can play the piano. Can you play the piano? I can't play the piano.
行为动词：They want to eat some tomatoes. Do they want to eat any tomatoes?
They don't want to eat any tomatoes.
Gina has a nice watch. Does Gina have a nice watch? Gina doesn't have a watch.
2、现在进行时 表示动词在此时正在发生或进行就使用进行时态，结构为sb be v-ing sth + 其它.
I'm playing baseball. Are you playing baseball? I'm not playing baseball.
Nancy is writing a letter. Is Nancy writing a letter? Nancy isn't writing a letter.
They're listening to the pop music. Are they listening the pop music?
They aren't listening to the pop music.
初中英语语法大全：一般过去时
一般过去时
1.概念：过去某个时间里发生的动作或状态;过去习惯性、经常性的动作、行为。
2.基本结构：①was/were;②行为动词过去式
否定形式：①was/were + not;②在行为动词前加didn‘t，同时还原行为动词。
一般疑问句：①was或were放于句首;②用助动词do的过去式did 提问，同时还原行为动词。 3.用法1) 在确定的过去时间里所发生的动作或存在的状态。时间状语有：yesterday， last week， an hour ago， the other day， in 1982等。例如：Where did you go just now? 刚才你上哪儿去了?
2) 表示在过去一段时间内，经常性或习惯性的动作。例如：When I was a child， I often played football in the street。我是个孩子的时候，常在马路上踢足球。Whenever the Browns went during their visit， they were given a warm welcome。那时，布朗一家无论什么时候去，都受到热烈欢迎。
注意：used to + do：“过去常常”表示过去习惯性的动作或状态，但如今已不存在。例如：Mother used not to be so forgetful。老妈过去没那么健忘。Scarf used to take a walk。斯卡夫过去常常散步。
中考英语语态
现在进行时
1.概念：表示现阶段或说话时正在进行的动作及行为。
2.时间状语：now， at this time， these days， etc。
3.基本结构：am/is/are + doing否定形式：am/is/are + not + doing。一般疑问句：把be动词放于句首。
4.用法：1) 表示现在(指说话人说话时)正在发生的事情。例如：We are waiting for you。我们正在等你。
2) 习惯进行：表示长期的或重复性的动作，说话时动作未必正在进行。例如：Mr。Green is writing another novel。他在写另一部小说。(说话时并未在写，只处于写作的状态。)
3) 表示渐变，这样的动词有：get， grow， become， turn， run， go， begin等。
例如：The leaves are turning red。叶子在变红。It‘s getting warmer and warmer。天越来越热了。
4) 与always， constantly， forever 等词连用，表示反复发生的动作或持续存在的状态，往往带有说话人的主观色彩。例如：You are always changing your mind。你老是改变主意。
5) 用现在进行时表示将来下列动词come， go， arrive， leave， start， begin， return等瞬时动词的现在进行时可以表示将来。例如：I‘m leaving tomorrow。明天我要走了。Are you staying here till next week? 你会在这儿呆到下周吗?