初三英语知识点详解：Unit One
一、知识点
1. Check in: 在旅馆的登记入住。Check out: 在旅馆结账离开。
2. By:
① 通过…..方式(途径)。例：I learn English by listening to tapes.
② 在…..旁边。例：by the window/the door
③ 乘坐交通工具 例：by bus/car
④ 在……之前，到……为止。例：by October在10月前
⑤ 被 例：English is spoken by many people.
3. how 与 what 的区别：
how 通常对方式或程度提问，意思有：怎么样 如何，通常用来做状语、表语。
what 通常对动作的发出者或接受者提问，意思为 什么，通常做宾语，主语。
① How is your summer holiday? It’s OK.(how表示程度 做表语)
② How did you travel around the world? I travel by air.
③ What do you learn at school? I learn English, math and many other subjects.
① What…think of…? How…like…?
② What…do with…? How…deal with…?
③ What…like about…? How…like…?
④ What’s the weather like today? How’s the weather today?
⑤ What to do? How to do it?
e.g. What do you think of this book?=How do you like this book?
I don’t know what I should do with the matter.=I don’t know how I should deal with it.
What do you like about China?=How do you like China?
I don’t know what to do next step?=I don’t know how to do it next step?
㊣ What good / bad weather it is today!(weather为不可数名词，其前不能加 a )
㊣ What a fine / bad day it is today!(day为可数名词，其前要加 a )
4. aloud, loud与loudly的用法 :
三个词都与"大声"或"响亮"有关。
① aloud是副词，重点在出声能让人听见，但声音不一定很大，常用在读书或说话上。通常放在动词之后。aloud没有比较级形式。
如：He read the story aloud to his son. 他朗读那篇故事给他儿子听。
② loud可作形容词或副词。用作副词时，常与speak, talk, laugh等动词连用,多用于比较级，须放在动词之后。
如：She told us to speak a little louder. 她让我们说大声一点。
③ loudly是副词，与loud同义，有时两者可替换使用，但往往含有令人讨厌或打扰别人的意思，可位于动词之前或之后。
如：He does not talk loudly or laugh loudly in public. 他不当众大声谈笑。
5. voice sound noise
voice 指人的嗓音，也指鸟鸣。
sound 指人可以听到的各种声音。
noise 指噪音、吵闹声
6. find + 宾语 + 宾补(名词 形容词 介词短语 分词等)
例：I find him friendly. I found him working in the garden.
We found him in bed. He found the window closed.
We found her honest.
7. 常见的系动词有：
① 是：am is are
② 保持：keep stay
③ 转变：become get turn
④ ……起来 feel look smell taste sound
8. get + 宾语+宾补(形容词 过去分词 动词不定式)使某种情况发生
例：Get the shoes clean. 把鞋擦干净。
Get Mr. Green to come. 让格林先生进来。
I want to get my bike repaired. 我想去修自行车。
You can’t get him waiting. 你不能让他老等着。
9. 动词不定式做定语
① 与所修饰的名词构成主谓关系
The next train to arrive was from New York. He is always the first to come.
② 与所修饰的名词构成动宾关系
I have nothing to say. I need a pen to write with.
I need some paper to write on. I don’t have a room to live in.
10. practice, fun 做名词为不可数名词
11. add 补充说，又说
12. join, attend, join in, take part in
join 加入某团体，并成为其中一员，attend 出席参加会议或讲座
join in与take part in指参加到某项活动中去。
13. all、both、always 以及 every 复合词与 not 连用构成部分否定。
其完全否定为：all---none, both---neither, everything---nothing, everybody---nobody.
14. be afraid of doing sth. / sth. 害怕
be afraid of being alone
be afraid to do sth.
be afraid that 恐怕担心，表示委婉语气
15. either
① 放在否定句末表示“也”
② 两者中的“任一”
③ either…or…或者…或者.…引导主语部分，谓语动词按照就近原则
16. complete, finish
complete 完成，是个较正式的词，后不能接动名词
finish 指日常事物的完成
17. a, an
与序数词连用表示“又一”，“再一”。
例：Please give me a second apple.There comes a fifth girl.
18. have trouble/difficult/problem (in) doing….. 干…..遇到麻烦，困难
19. unless 除非，如果不
等于“if not”本身就表示否定，引导条件状语从句，主句为将来时，条件状语从句用一般现在时表示将来。
例：My baby sister doesn’t cry unless she’s hungry.
=My baby sister doesn’t cry if she isn’t hungry.
Unless you take more care, you’ll have an accident.
如果你不多加小心的话，你会出事的。
20. instead: adv. 代替，更换。
例：We have no coffee, would you like tea instead?
我们没有咖啡了，改喝茶好吗?
It will take days by car, so let’s fly instead.
开车去要好几天呢，咱们还是坐飞机吧。
Tom was ill, so I went instead. 汤姆病了，所以换了我去。
instead of doing sth. 作为某人或某事物的替换
例：Let’s play cards instead of watching TV.
We sometimes eat rice instead of potatoes.
Give me the red one instead of the green one.
21. speak 短语
spoken 口头的，口语的。spoken English 口头英语
speaking 讲话的，说某种语言的。Speaking skills讲英语的能力
22. 提建议的句子：
① What/ how about +doing sth.? 如：What/ How about going shopping?
② Why don’t you + do sth.? 如：Why don’t you go shopping?
③ Why not + do sth. ? 如：Why not go shopping?
④ Let’s + do sth. 如： Let’s go shopping
⑤ Shall we/ I + do sth.? 如：Shall we/ I go shopping?
23. a lot 许多
常用于句末 如：I eat a lot. 我吃了许多。
24. too…to 太…而不能
常用的句型 too+adj./adv. + to do sth.
如：I’m too tired to say anything. 我太累了，什么都不想说。
25. not …at all 一点也不 根本不
如：
I like milk very much. I don’t like coffee at all.
我非常喜欢牛奶。我一点也不喜欢咖啡。
not经常可以和助动词结合在一起，at all 则放在句尾
26. be / get excited about sth.
= be / get excited about doing sth. = be excited to do sth. 对…感兴奋
如：I am / get excited about going to Beijing.= I am excited to go to Beijing. 我对去北京感到兴奋。
27. end up
① end up doing sth 终止做某事，结束做某事 如：
The party ended up singing. 晚会以唱歌而结束。
② end up with sth. 以…结束 如：
The party ended up with her singing. 晚会以她的歌唱而告终。
28. first of all 首先
to begin with 一开始
later on 后来、随
29. also either too
also 也、而且(用于肯定句)常在句子的中间
either 也(用于否定句)常在句末
too 也 (用于肯定句) 常在句末=as well
30. make mistakes 犯错
mistake sb. for …把……错认为……
make mistakes (in) doing sth. 在干某事方面出错
by mistake 错误地;由于搞错
mistake---mistook----mistaken
如：I often make mistakes. 我经常犯错。
I mistook him for his brother.我错把他认成了他的哥哥。
make a mistake 犯一个错误 如： I have made a mistake.
我已经犯了一个错误。
31. laugh at sb. 笑话;取笑(某人)
如：Don’t laugh at me!不要取笑我!
32. take notes 做笔记，做记录
33. enjoy doing sth. 喜欢做…乐意做…
如：She enjoys playing football. 她喜欢踢足球。
enjoy oneself 过得愉快 如：He enjoyed himself. 他过得愉快。
34. native speaker 说本族语的人
35. one of +(the+ 形容词比较级)+名词复数形式 …其中之一
如： She is one of the most popular teachers. 她是最受欢迎的教师之一。
36. It’s +形容词+(for sb. ) to do sth. (对于某人来说)做某事…
如：It’s difficult (for me ) to study English.对于我来说学习英语太难了。
句中的it 是形式主语，真正的主语是to study English
37. practice doing 练习做某事
如：She often practice speaking English. 她经常练习说英语。
38. decide to do sth. 决定做某事
如：LiLei has decided to go to BeiJing . 李雷已经决定去北京。
39. deal with 处理
如：I dealt with a lot of problem.
40. worry about sb./ sth. 担心某人/ 某事
如：Mother worried about his son just now. 妈妈刚才担心他的儿子。
41. be angry with sb. 对某人生气
如：I was angry with her. 我对她生气。
42. perhaps = maybe 也许
43. go by (时间)过去
如：Two years went by. 两年过去了。
44. see sb. / sth. doing
see sb. / sth. doing 看见某人正在做某事，强调正在发生
see sb. / sth. do 看见某人在做某事
如：She saw him drawing a picture in the classroom. 她看见他正在教室里画画。
45. each other 彼此
46. regard… as … 把…看作为….
如：The boys regarded Anna as a fool. 这些男孩把安娜看成傻瓜。
47. too many; too much; much too
too many 许多 修饰可数名词 如：too many girls
too much 许多 修饰不可数名词 如：too much milk
much too 太 修饰形容词 如：much too beautiful
48. change…into… 将…变为…
如：The magician changed the pen into a book. 这个魔术师将这本书变为一本书。
49. with the help of sb. = with one’s help 在某人的帮助下
如：with the help of LiLei = with LiLei’s help 在李雷的帮助下
50. compare … to … 把…与…相比
如：Compare you to Anna, you are lucky. 你和安娜相比，你是幸运的。
初三英语知识点详解：Unit Two
一、知识点
1. used to 过去常常做某事，暗指现在已经不存在的动作或状态，后跟动词原形。
used to do sth.
There used to be ….(反意疑问句)didn’t there?
否定形式为: didn’t use to 或 usedn’t to
疑问形式为: Did…use to…? 或 Used…to…?
be/get used to doing sth. 习惯于，to 为介词
2. wear 表示状态 =be in +颜色的词
put on 表示动作
dress + 人 给某人穿衣服 dress sb. / oneself
have on表示状态(不用于进行时态)
3. on the swim team on 是…的成员，在…供职。
4. Don’t you remember me? 否定疑问句(考点)
Yes, I do. 不，我记得。 No, I don’t 是的，我不记得了。
5. 反意疑问句:
① 陈述部分的主语为 this, that, 疑问部分主语用it; 陈述部分主语用 these, those, 疑问部分用they 做主语。
例: This is a new story, isn’t it?
Those are your parents, aren’t they?
② 陈述部分是 there be 结构，疑问部分仍用 there
例: There was a man named Paul, wasn’t there?
③ I am 后的疑问句，用aren’t I
例: I am in Class 2, aren’t I?
④ 陈述部分与含有 not, no, never, few, little, hardly, seldom, neither, none 等词时，疑问部分用肯定。
例: Few people liked this movie, didn’t they?
但陈述句中若带有否定前缀或后缀的单词时，这个句子仍视为肯定，后面仍用否定。
例: Your sister is unhappy, isn’t she?
⑤ 陈述部分的主语若为不定式或 V-ing 短语， 疑问部分主语用it。
例: To spend so much money on clothes is unnecessary, isn’t it?
⑥ 陈述句中主语是 nobody, no one, everyone, everybody 等指人的不定代词时，
疑问部分用they做主语; 若陈述部分主语是 something, anything, noting, everything 等指事物的不定代词时，疑问部分用it 做主语
例: Nobody says one word about the accident, do they?
Everything seems perfect, doesn’t it?
⑦ 当主语是第一人称I时, 若谓动为think, believe, guess 等词时，且其后跟宾丛，这时疑问句部分的人称，时态要与宾语从句保持一致，同时还要考虑否定转移。
例: I don’t think he can finish the work in time, can he?
⑧ 前面是祈使句，后用 will you? (let’s 开头时，后用shall we?)
6. be terrified of 害怕的程度比 be afraid of 深
7. miss:
① 思念，想念 例: I really miss the old days.
② 错过，未中，未赶上，未找到
例: It’s a pity that you miss the bus.
The boy shot at the goal, but missed.
8. no more (用在句中)=not…any more (用在句尾) 指次数
no longer (用在句中)=not…any longer (用在句尾) 指时间
9. right:
① adj. 正确的，右边的② n. 右方，权利③ adv. 直接地
10. It seems that Yu Mei has changed a lot. = Yu Mei seems to have changed a lot.
11. afford + n. /pron. afford + to do 常与can, be able to 连用
例: Can you afford a new car?
The film couldn’t afford to pay such large salaries.
12. as well as 连词，不但…而且… 强调前者。(若引导主语, 谓动与前者在人称和数上一致
例: Living things need air and light as well as water. 生命不仅需要水，还需要空气和阳光。
I as well as they am ready to help you. 不仅是他们，我也愿意帮助你。
13. alone = by oneself 独自一人 lonely 孤独的，寂寞的
14. in the last/past + 一段时间
during the last/past + 一段时间，与现在完成时连用
15. die (v.) dead (adj.) death (n.) dying (垂死的)
16. play the piano 弹钢琴
17. 对…感兴趣
①be/ become interested in sth. 对…感兴趣
②be interested in doing sth. 对做…感兴趣
③show great interest in 在……方面产生极大的兴趣
④a place of interest 一处名胜 some places of interest
如：He is interested in math, but he isn’t interested in speaking English. 他对数学感兴趣，但是他对说英语不感兴趣。
⑤ interested adj. 感兴趣的，指人对某事物感兴趣，往往主语是人
⑥ interesting adj.有趣的，指某事物/某人具有趣味，主语往往是物
⑦ an interesting book / man
18. 害怕…
be terrified of sth. 如：I am terrified of the dog.
be terrified of doing sth. 如：I am terrified of speaking.
19. on 副词，表示(电灯、电视、机械等)在运转中/打开
其反义词off with the light on 灯开着
20. walk
walk to somewhere 步行到某处 walk to school 步行到学校
21.spend 动词，表示“花费金钱、时间”
①spend…on sth. 在某事上花费(金钱、时间)
②spend…doing sth. 花费(金钱、时间)去做某事 如：
He spends too much time on clothes. 他花费太多的时间在衣着。
He spend 3 months building the bridge.他花费了三个月去建这座桥。
pay for 花费
如：I pay 10 yuan for the book. 我花了10元买这本书。
take动词 有“花费”的意思，常用的结构有：
It take(s) sb. … to do sth. 如：It takes me a day to read the book.
初三英语知识点详解：Unit Three
一、知识点
1. 英语有两种语态：
① 主动语态和补动语态
主动语态表示是动作的执行者
被动语态表示主语是动作的承受者
② 被动语态的构成
由“助动词be+及物动词的过去分词”构成
助动词be 有人称、数和时态的变化，其变化规则与be作为连系动词时完全一样。
时态 | 被动语态结构 | 例句 |
一般现在 时 | am are +过去分词 is | English is spoken in many countries. |
一般过去 时 | was +过去分词 were + 过去分词 | This bridge was built in 1989. |
情态 动词 | can/should may +be+过去分词 must/…… | The work must be done right now |
③ 被动语态的用法
当我们不知道谁是动作的执行者，或者没有必要指出谁是动作的执行者，或者只需强调动作的承受者时，要用被动语态。
2. allow sb. to do sth. 允许某人做某事(主动语态)
如：Mother allows me to watch TV every night. 妈妈允许我每晚看电视。
be allowed to do sth. 被允许做某事(被动语态)
如：LiLy is allowed to go to Qinzhou. 莉莉被允许去钦州。
3. get their ears pierced 穿耳洞
让/使(别人)做某事 get sth. done(过去分词) have sth. done
如：I get my car repaired. = I have my car repaired. 我让别人修好我的车。
I want to have my hair cut. 我要理发。
4. enough 足够
形容词+enough
如：beautiful enough 足够漂亮
enough+名词
如：enough food 足够食物
enough to 足够…去做…
如：I have enough money to go to Beijing. 我有足够的钱去北京。
She is old enough to go to school. 她够大去读书了。
5. stop doing sth. 停止做某事
Please stop speaking. 请停止说话。
stop to do sth. 停止下来去做某事
Please stop to speak. 请停下来说话。
6. 看起来好像…sb. seem to do sth. = It seems that +从句
He seems to feel very sad. = It seems that he feels very sad.
他看起来好像很伤心。
7. 倒装句:
由so+助动词(be/do/will/have)/情态动词+主语 意为：…也是一样
Neither/Nor + be动词/助动词/情态动词+主语(前为否定) 表示与前面所述事实一致。
She is a student. So am I. 她是一个学生，我也是。
She went to school just now. So did I. 她刚才去学校了，我也是。
She has finished the work. So have I. 她已经完成了工作，我也完成了。
She will go to school. So will he. 她将去学校，他也是。
Tom can’t swim. Neither can John.
8. yet 仍然，还，常用在否定句或疑问句当中，可与although/though连用
9. stay up 熬夜
如：I often stay up until 12:00pm. 我经常熬夜到12点。
10. clean up 打扫，整理
如：I have cleaned up the bedroom. 我已经打扫完了卧室。
11. 程度副词：
always总是 usually经常 sometimes有时 never从不
如：I am always/usually/sometimes/never late for school.
我总是/经常/有时/从不上学迟到。
12. 曾经做某事：
Do you ever get to school late? Yes, I do. No, I don’t.
Have you ever got to school late? Yes, I have. No, I haven’t.
13. go+doing
go shopping(去购物)，go fishing(去钓鱼)
go swimming(去游泳)，go boating(去划船)
go hiking(去登山)，go trekking(去徒步)
14. be strict with+人 be strict in+事物
例: The head teacher is strict with his students.
He is strict in the work.
15. test
take the test 参加考试;pass the test 通过考试;fail a test 考试失败
16. the other day前几天，不久前的一天(用于过去时)
every other day = every two days 每隔一天 (每两天)
17. agree 同意 反义词 disagree 不同意 动词
agreement 同意 反义词 disagreement 不同意 名词
18. keep sb/ sth. +形容词 使某人/某物保持….
如：We should keep our city clean.(cleaningⅹ)我们应该保持我们的城市干净。
Don’t keep me waiting for a long time. 别让我等得太久。
19. both…and… +动词复数形式
如： Both Jim and Li Ming play bastketball.
20. learn (sth.) from sb. 向谁学习(什么)
如：Jim learnt English from his English teacher. 吉姆向他的英语老师学习英语。
21. 有机会做某事
have an opportunity to do sth. 有机会做某事
have a chance of doing sth. 有机会做某事
如：I have an opportunity to go to Beijing. = I have a chance of going to Beijing.
22. at present 目前
23. at least 最少 at most 最多
24. 花费 take ,cost, spend , pay
It take (sb.) time to do sth.
如：It took (me) 10days to read the book.
sth. cost (sb.) ……
如：The book cost (me) 100yuan.
sb. spend … on sth.
如：She spent 10days on this book.
sb. spend …doing sth.
如：She spent 10days reading this book.
sb. pay … for sth.
如：She paid 10yuan for this book.
25. have +时间段+off 放假，休息
如：have 2 days off
off 不工作，不上班，不上学，不值班
例: I think I’ll take the afternoon off. 我想下午歇班。
She is off today. 她今天休息。
I have three days off next week. 下周我有三天假。
They haven’t had a day off since last week. 从上周来，他们没休息过一天。
26. reply to 答复某人
如：She replayed to MrGreen.
27. agree with sth. 同意某事
如：I agree with that idea.
agree to sb. 同意某人的意见
如：I agree to LiLei.
28. get in the way of 碍事，妨碍
如：Her social life got in the way of her studies. 她的社会生活妨碍了她的学习。
29. success n. succeed v. successful adj. successfully adv.
30. think about 与think of 的区别
① 当两者译为： 认为、想起、记着时，两者可互用
I often think about/ of that day. 我经常想起那天。
② think about 还有“考虑”之意 ，think of 想到、想出时两者不能互用
At last, he thought of a good idea. 最后他想出了一个好主意。
We are thinking about going Qinzhou. 我们正在考虑去钦州。
31. 对… 热衷， 对…兴趣
be serious about doing
如：She is serious about dancing. 她对跳舞热衷。
be serious about sth.
如：She is serious about him. 她对他感兴趣。
32. practice doing 练习做某事
如：She often practice speaking English.
33. care about sb. 关心某人
如：Mother often care about her son.
34. 也
also 也 用于句中
either 也 用于否定句且用于句末
too=as well 也 用于肯定句且用于句末
I am also a student. 我也是一个学生
I am a student too. 我也是一个学生。
I am not a student either. 我也不是一个学生。
35.allow sb to do sth 允许某人做… allow doing sth 允许做…
36.stupid silly foolish 三个词都有“蠢”的意思，但略有不同。
stupid 程度最强，指智力、理解力、学习能力差。
silly 指头脑简单，傻头傻脑，使人觉得可笑，带有感情色彩。
foolish 尤其在口语中广泛使用。
例: He is stupid in learning math. 他学习数学很笨。
Stop asking such silly questions. 别再问这样傻的问题了。
You are foolish to throw away such a good chance. 你真蠢，丢掉这样一个好机会。
37. He doesn’t seem to have many friends.
=It seems that he doesn’t have many friends.
=He seems not to have many friends.
38. clean (v.) 打扫，清理
clean up 比较彻底地打扫，清理;clean out 打扫，清理地最彻底
39. concentrate on… 全神贯注做…
例: He decided to concentrate on physics because he failed the exam.
This company concentrates on China market. 这家公司把重点放在中国市场上。
40. more…than…
①与其说…不如说…;比…更…
例: The man is more stupid than nervous.
与其说那人紧张，倒不如说他愚蠢。
②在这一结构中，more做adj. 修饰名词,表示“比…多”
例:I have more books than you. 我的书比你的多。
41. volunteer ① n. 自愿者 ② v. volunteer to do sth. 自愿做…
例: We all volunteered to help in the old people’s home. 我们都志愿到敬老院帮忙。
42. get in the way (of)... 妨碍...
例: He never gets in others’ way. 他从不妨碍别人。
The bikes over there will get in the way of others. 自行车放在那里会妨碍别人的。
43. success (n.) successful (adj.) succeed (v.)
44. only 处于句首，并后跟状语时，全句需要倒装。
例: Only then did he understand it. 只有到那时，他才明白。
Only in this way can we learn English well. 只有这样我们才能把英语学好。
Only when she came home, did he learn the news. 当她到家时，他才得知了这消息。
45. care about 关心，在乎，在意
例: No one cares about others nowadays. 现在没人关心别人。
I don’t care about what he does. 我并不在意他干什么。